你有多久没喝了?英国年轻人戒酒率超老一辈 传统饮酒文化受冲击 | BBC 6 Minute English | 20261013

中英文稿 · 逐句讲解 · 词汇表
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原文
翻译
原文
Hi Neil. Hi Georgie. Do you want to hear something quite unusual for me? Yes. I haven't had an alcoholic drink this year. Wow, that is really impressive. How do you feel? Like a new person? I do feel very good, I have to say. I can't say the same. I did have a few alcoholic drinks at the weekend with my friends.
翻译
嗨,尼尔。嗨,乔治。你想听听我身上一件挺不寻常的事吗?是的。我今年还没喝过含酒精的饮品。哇,那真的很厉害。你感觉怎么样?像换了个人似的?我确实感觉很好,说实话。我就不一样了。我周末和朋友喝了几杯酒。
原文
But in many parts of the world, people don't drink alcohol at all. In the UK, it's very common. That is, until recently.
翻译
但在世界上的很多地方,人们根本不喝酒。在英国,这非常普遍。不过最近不再是这样了。
原文
Today on 6 Minute English, we're going to find out why many people are choosing to give up or cut down on alcohol. And we'll be asking, is this the end of British drinking culture?
翻译
今天的《六分钟英语》节目中,我们就来探究为什么很多人选择戒酒或者减少饮酒量。我们还要探讨,这是否意味着英国饮酒文化的终结?
逐句讲解
原文
Hi Neil. Hi Georgie. Do you want to hear something quite unusual for me?
翻译
嗨,尼尔。嗨,乔治。你想听听我身上一件挺不寻常的事吗?
讲解
—
词汇
- hear (v. 听到) /hɪr/
- quite (adv. 相当) /kwaɪt/
- unusual (adj. 不寻常的) /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/
原文
Yes. I haven't had an alcoholic drink this year.
翻译
是的。我今年还没喝过含酒精的饮品。
讲解
—
词汇
- alcoholic (adj. 含酒精的) /ælkəˈhɔːlɪk/
- drink (n. 饮品) /drɪŋk/
原文
Wow, that is really impressive. How do you feel? Like a new person?
翻译
哇,那真的很厉害。你感觉怎么样?像换了个人似的?
讲解
- like a new person:常用习语,意为(经历某事后)感觉焕然一新、脱胎换骨
词汇
- really (adv. 非常) /ˈriːəli/
- impressive (adj. 令人赞叹的) /ɪmˈpresɪv/
- feel (v. 感觉) /fiːl/
原文
I do feel very good, I have to say. I can't say the same.
翻译
我确实感觉很好,说实话。我就不一样了。
讲解
- I have to say:口语常用插入语,用于引出真实感受,意为“说实在的、我得说”
- I can't say the same:固定表达,意为“我可没这感受、我情况不一样”,用于表示自身与对方情况不同
词汇
- feel (v. 感觉) /fiːl/
原文
I did have a few alcoholic drinks at the weekend with my friends.
翻译
我周末和朋友喝了几杯酒。
讲解
- 句中did为强调用法,用于一般过去时的肯定句中加强语气,意为“确实、的确”
词汇
- alcoholic (adj. 含酒精的) /ælkəˈhɔːlɪk/
- drink (n. 饮品) /drɪŋk/
- weekend (n. 周末) /ˈwiːkend/
原文
But in many parts of the world, people don't drink alcohol at all.
翻译
但在世界上的很多地方,人们根本不喝酒。
讲解
—
词汇
- drink (v. 喝) /drɪŋk/
- alcohol (n. 酒精) /ˈælkəhɑːl/
原文
In the UK, it's very common. That is, until recently.
翻译
在英国,这非常普遍。不过最近不再是这样了。
讲解
- That is:解释性插入语,意为“也就是说、换句话说”,用于进一步说明前文内容
- until recently:固定表达,意为“直到最近(情况才发生变化)”
词汇
- common (adj. 普遍的) /ˈkɑːmən/
- until (prep. 直到) /ənˈtɪl/
- recently (adv. 最近) /ˈriːsntli/
原文
Today on 6 Minute English, we're going to find out why many people are choosing to give up or cut down on alcohol.
翻译
今天的《六分钟英语》节目中,我们就来探究为什么很多人选择戒酒或者减少饮酒量。
讲解
- 6 Minute English:专有名词,BBC出品的经典英语学习节目《六分钟英语》
- cut down on:固定搭配,意为“减少(摄入量)、节制”,此处指减少饮酒量
- give up:此处指主动戒除(饮酒等习惯)
词汇
- find out (v. 查明) /faɪnd aʊt/
- choose (v. 选择) /tʃuːz/
- give up (v. 戒掉) /ɡɪv ʌp/
- alcohol (n. 酒精) /ˈælkəhɑːl/
原文
And we'll be asking, is this the end of British drinking culture?
翻译
我们还要探讨,这是否意味着英国饮酒文化的终结?
讲解
- the end of sth:常用表达,意为“某事物的终结、消亡”,此处指英国传统酒文化是否会走向没落
词汇
- culture (n. 文化) /ˈkʌltʃər/
英年轻人戒酒现状调查
原文
翻译
原文
OK, Neil, let's start with a quiz question. Many people in the UK and other countries choose to give up alcohol in the new year for the whole of the month of January. But what is the challenge called? Is it a) no-drink new year, b) alcohol-free January or c) dry January? Well, I know the answer to this, but I'm not going to give it away. OK, well then our listeners can find out the answer at the end of the programme. Yes, they can.
翻译
好的,尼尔,我们先来看一个小测试问题。很多人会在新年伊始的整个一月戒酒。这项挑战的名称是什么?a) 新年戒酒,b) 无酒精一月,c) 戒酒一月?嗯,我知道答案,但我不会说出来的。好的,那我们的听众可以在节目最后找到答案。对的。
原文
So, Georgie, I hear all the time that younger people don't drink as much alcohol today as they used to in the past. Is that true? Well, in the UK, surveys suggest that 16 to 24-year-olds are more likely to be non-drinkers than the older generations. OK, so why are more young people choosing to be sober? That means not to drink alcohol. Well, the BBC World Service podcast What in the World have been investigating this. Presenter Hannah Gelbart met three young people who choose to be sober for some alcohol-free drinks to find out more. Here's Daniel's story.
翻译
所以,乔治,我一直听说现在年轻人喝酒不像以前那么多了。是真的吗?嗯,在英国,调查显示16到24岁的人群比年长一代更有可能不喝酒。好的,那为什么更多年轻人选择不喝酒?这里的意思是不喝含酒精的饮品。嗯,BBC全球服务的播客节目《世界之中》一直在调查这个问题。主持人汉娜·格尔伯特会见了三位选择不喝酒、喝无酒精饮品的年轻人,以了解更多情况。下面是丹尼尔的故事。
原文
Yeah, so today I don't drink at all. But when I was in my early 20s, I think I felt maybe a bit of like societal pressure, you know, work drinks or being at uni where it was the norm to just join in. I think you'd probably get a few weird glasses if you're like, no, I'm not going to join in at all. So I did that. And I think COVID lockdown just gave me a bit of confidence to say, OK, let me step away from this. It's not necessarily something I want to do moving forward. So how many years have you been sober for? I would say it's been six years now. Six years.
翻译
对,我现在完全不喝酒。但我二十出头的时候,我觉得可能有点社会压力,你懂的,比如工作聚餐或者在大学里,参与喝酒是常态。我觉得要是你说‘不了,我完全不参与’,大概率会被人投来异样的眼光。所以我就那么做了。而且我觉得新冠疫情封控刚好给了我一点底气,让我可以说:‘好吧,我还是远离这件事吧。’这不一定是我未来想做的事。那你保持不喝酒有多少年了?我觉得到现在有六年了。六年了。
原文
So, Daniel says that when he was younger, he felt societal pressure to drink alcohol. Societal pressure is feeling like you need to do something because lots of people around you are doing it. Right. So, Daniel says drinking was the norm at university and after work. The norm is a way of saying that something is normal or common. But during the Covid-19 pandemic, when people in the UK were unable to socialise and visit pubs and bars, Daniel's attitude to alcohol changed. After that, he decided to be sober and he hasn't had a drink for about six years.
翻译
所以,丹尼尔说他年轻的时候,感受到了喝酒的社会压力。社会压力指的是你觉得周围很多人都在做某件事,所以你也需要去做。对。所以丹尼尔说,以前在大学和下班后,喝酒是常态。‘常态’就是指某件事很正常、很普遍。但在新冠疫情期间,身处英国的人们无法社交、不能光顾酒馆和酒吧,丹尼尔对酒精的态度发生了改变。在那之后,他决定戒酒,到现在已经有大约六年没喝过酒了。
逐句讲解
原文
OK, Neil, let's start with a quiz question.
翻译
好的,尼尔,我们先来看一个小测试问题。
讲解
—
词汇
- quiz (n. 小测试) /kwɪz/
- question (n. 问题) /ˈkwestʃən/
原文
Many people in the UK and other countries choose to give up alcohol in the new year for the whole of the month of January.
翻译
很多人会在新年伊始的整个一月戒酒。
讲解
—
词汇
- country (n. 国家) /ˈkʌntri/
- choose (v. 选择) /tʃuːz/
- give up (v. 戒掉) /ɡɪv ʌp/
- alcohol (n. 酒精) /ˈælkəhɑːl/
原文
But what is the challenge called? Is it a) no-drink new year, b) alcohol-free January or c) dry January?
翻译
这项挑战的名称是什么?a) 新年戒酒,b) 无酒精一月,c) 戒酒一月?
讲解
- dry:熟词僻义,此处意为“不饮酒的、禁酒的”
- Dry January:专有名词,指英国流行的“一月戒酒挑战”活动
- alcohol-free:复合形容词,描述饮品的常用表达,意为“无酒精的”
词汇
- challenge (n. 挑战) /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/
- call (v. 称呼) /kɔːl/
- no-drink (adj. 无酒的) /noʊ ˈdrɪŋk/
- alcohol-free (adj. 无酒精的) /ælkəˈhɑːl friː/
- January (n. 一月) /ˈdʒænjueri/
原文
Well, I know the answer to this, but I'm not going to give it away.
翻译
嗯,我知道答案,但我不会说出来的。
讲解
- give away:熟词僻义,此处意为“泄露(秘密、答案)、剧透”
词汇
- answer (n. 答案) /ˈænsər/
- give away (v. 泄露) /ɡɪv əˈweɪ/
原文
OK, well then our listeners can find out the answer at the end of the programme. Yes, they can.
翻译
好的,那我们的听众可以在节目最后找到答案。对的。
讲解
—
词汇
- listener (n. 听众) /ˈlɪsənər/
- find out (v. 查明) /faɪnd aʊt/
- answer (n. 答案) /ˈænsər/
- programme (n. 节目) /ˈproʊɡræm/
原文
So, Georgie, I hear all the time that younger people don't drink as much alcohol today as they used to in the past.
翻译
所以,乔治,我一直听说现在年轻人喝酒不像以前那么多了。
讲解
- all the time:固定表达,意为“一直、时常”
- used to do:固定结构,意为“过去常常做某事(暗含现在情况已改变)”
词汇
- hear (v. 听到) /hɪr/
- young (adj. 年轻的) /jʌŋ/
- drink (v. 喝) /drɪŋk/
- alcohol (n. 酒精) /ˈælkəhɑːl/
- past (n. 过去) /pæst/
原文
Is that true?
翻译
是真的吗?
讲解
—
词汇
无
原文
Well, in the UK, surveys suggest that 16 to 24-year-olds are more likely to be non-drinkers than the older generations.
翻译
嗯,在英国,调查显示16到24岁的人群比年长一代更有可能不喝酒。
讲解
- surveys suggest that:新闻/报告常用句式,意为“调查显示”,是引出研究结论的常用表达
- “数字-year-olds”:新闻常用压缩结构,用于简洁指代某一年龄段的人群
- be likely to:固定搭配,意为“有可能、倾向于做某事”
词汇
- survey (n. 调查) /ˈsɜːrveɪ/
- suggest (v. 表明) /səˈdʒest/
- likely (adj. 可能的) /ˈlaɪkli/
- non-drinker (n. 不饮酒者) /nɑːnˈdrɪŋkər/
- generation (n. 一代人) /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/
原文
OK, so why are more young people choosing to be sober? That means not to drink alcohol.
翻译
好的,那为什么更多年轻人选择不喝酒?这里的意思是不喝含酒精的饮品。
讲解
- sober:熟词僻义,此处意为“未饮酒的、滴酒不沾的”,后文也对该词义做了明确解释
词汇
- young (adj. 年轻的) /jʌŋ/
- choose (v. 选择) /tʃuːz/
- sober (adj. 未饮酒的) /ˈsoʊbər/
- mean (v. 意思是) /miːn/
- alcohol (n. 酒精) /ˈælkəhɑːl/
原文
Well, the BBC World Service podcast What in the World have been investigating this.
翻译
嗯,BBC全球服务的播客节目《世界之中》一直在调查这个问题。
讲解
- BBC World Service:专有名词,指英国广播公司国际频道
- What in the World:专有名词,BBC国际频道推出的播客节目名称
词汇
- podcast (n. 播客) /ˈpɑːdkæst/
- investigate (v. 调查) /ɪnˈvestəɡeɪt/
原文
Presenter Hannah Gelbart met three young people who choose to be sober for some alcohol-free drinks to find out more.
翻译
主持人汉娜·格尔伯特会见了三位选择不喝酒、喝无酒精饮品的年轻人,以了解更多情况。
讲解
—
词汇
- presenter (n. 主持人) /ˈprezənt̬ər/
- meet (v. 会见) /miːt/
- choose (v. 选择) /tʃuːz/
- sober (adj. 未饮酒的) /ˈsoʊbər/
- alcohol-free (adj. 无酒精的) /ælkəˈhɑːl friː/
原文
Here's Daniel's story.
翻译
下面是丹尼尔的故事。
讲解
—
词汇
- story (n. 故事) /ˈstɔːri/
原文
Yeah, so today I don't drink at all.
翻译
对,我现在完全不喝酒。
讲解
—
词汇
无
原文
But when I was in my early 20s, I think I felt maybe a bit of like societal pressure,
翻译
但我二十出头的时候,我觉得可能有点社会压力,
讲解
- in one's early 20s:固定表达,意为“在某人20岁出头(20-23岁左右)的时候”
- societal pressure:固定搭配,意为“社会压力”,指来自周围社会环境的行为要求
词汇
- early (adj. 早期的) /ˈɜːrli/
- societal (adj. 社会的) /səˈsaɪət̬əl/
- pressure (n. 压力) /ˈpreʃɚ/
原文
you know, work drinks or being at uni where it was the norm to just join in.
翻译
你懂的,比如工作聚餐或者在大学里,参与喝酒是常态。
讲解
- you know:口语常用填充插入语,无实际语义,用于说话时停顿思考、拉近与听者的距离
- uni:口语中university的常用缩写,意为“大学”
- the norm:熟词僻义,此处意为“常态、普遍的行为模式”
- join in:固定搭配,意为“加入(集体活动)”
词汇
- university (n. 大学) /juːnɪˈvɜːrsəti/
- norm (n. 常态) /nɔːrm/
- join in (v. 参与) /dʒɔɪn ɪn/
原文
I think you'd probably get a few weird glasses if you're like, no, I'm not going to join in at all.
翻译
我觉得要是你说‘不了,我完全不参与’,大概率会被人投来异样的眼光。
讲解
- get a few weird glasses:口语形象比喻表达,意为“收到他人异样的眼光”
- you're like:口语常用表达,意为“你说、你表示”,用于引出自己当时说的原话
词汇
- probably (adv. 可能) /ˈprɑːbəbli/
- weird (adj. 奇怪的) /wɪrd/
- join in (v. 参与) /dʒɔɪn ɪn/
原文
So I did that. And I think COVID lockdown just gave me a bit of confidence to say, OK, let me step away from this.
翻译
所以我就那么做了。而且我觉得新冠疫情封控刚好给了我一点底气,让我可以说:‘好吧,我还是远离这件事吧。’
讲解
- COVID lockdown:专有名词,指新冠疫情期间的封控管控措施
- step away from:固定搭配,此处意为“主动脱离、摆脱(某类习惯/社交活动)”
词汇
- COVID (n. 新冠疫情) /ˈkoʊvɪd/
- lockdown (n. 封控) /ˈlɑːkdaʊn/
- confidence (n. 信心) /ˈkɑːnfɪdəns/
- step away from (v. 远离) /step əˈweɪ frʌm/
原文
It's not necessarily something I want to do moving forward.
翻译
这不一定是我未来想做的事。
讲解
- not necessarily:固定表达,意为“未必、不一定”
- moving forward:常用表达,此处意为“今后、在未来的生活中”
词汇
- necessarily (adv. 必然地) /nesəˈserəli/
- forward (adv. 向前) /ˈfɔːrwərd/
原文
So how many years have you been sober for? I would say it's been six years now. Six years.
翻译
那你保持不喝酒有多少年了?我觉得到现在有六年了。六年了。
讲解
- I would say:口语常用委婉表达,用于给出大致估算,意为“我估计、大概”
词汇
- sober (adj. 未饮酒的) /ˈsoʊbər/
原文
So, Daniel says that when he was younger, he felt societal pressure to drink alcohol.
翻译
所以,丹尼尔说他年轻的时候,感受到了喝酒的社会压力。
讲解
—
词汇
- societal (adj. 社会的) /səˈsaɪət̬əl/
- pressure (n. 压力) /ˈpreʃɚ/
- alcohol (n. 酒精) /ˈælkəhɑːl/
原文
Societal pressure is feeling like you need to do something because lots of people around you are doing it.
翻译
社会压力指的是你觉得周围很多人都在做某件事,所以你也需要去做。
讲解
—
词汇
- societal (adj. 社会的) /səˈsaɪət̬əl/
- pressure (n. 压力) /ˈpreʃɚ/
- around (prep. 围绕) /əˈraʊnd/
原文
Right. So, Daniel says drinking was the norm at university and after work.
翻译
对。所以丹尼尔说,以前在大学和下班后,喝酒是常态。
讲解
- 固定搭配the norm:意为“常态、常规”,指某一群体中普遍存在的行为或情况。
词汇
- norm (n. 常态) /nɔːrm/
- university (n. 大学) /juːnɪˈvɜːrsəti/
原文
The norm is a way of saying that something is normal or common.
翻译
‘常态’就是指某件事很正常、很普遍。
讲解
- 常用解释类表达a way of saying that...:意为“换种说法就是、也就是说”,常用于通俗解释概念。
词汇
- norm (n. 常态) /nɔːrm/
- way (n. 方式) /weɪ/
- normal (adj. 正常的) /ˈnɔːrml/
- common (adj. 普遍的) /ˈkɑːmən/
原文
But during the Covid-19 pandemic, when people in the UK were unable to socialise and visit pubs and bars, Daniel's attitude to alcohol changed.
翻译
但在新冠疫情期间,身处英国的人们无法社交、不能光顾酒馆和酒吧,丹尼尔对酒精的态度发生了改变。
讲解
- 长难句结构:本句主干为Daniel's attitude to alcohol changed,时间状语后接when引导的非限制性定语从句补充说明疫情期间的情况,听辨时优先抓取主句核心信息即可。
- 专有名词Covid-19 pandemic:指新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情。
词汇
- pandemic (n. 大流行病) /pænˈdemɪk/
- socialise (v. 社交) /ˈsoʊʃəlaɪz/
- pub (n. 酒馆) /pʌb/
- attitude (n. 态度) /ˈæt̬ətuːd/
- change (v. 改变) /tʃeɪndʒ/
原文
After that, he decided to be sober and he hasn't had a drink for about six years.
翻译
在那之后,他决定戒酒,到现在已经有大约六年没喝过酒了。
讲解
- 熟词僻义sober:此处为形容词,意为“不饮酒的、滴酒不沾的”,而非常见的“严肃的、冷静的”含义。
- 此处had a drink中的drink特指含酒精的饮品,而非泛指任何饮料。
词汇
- decide (v. 决定) /dɪˈsaɪd/
- sober (adj. 不饮酒的) /ˈsoʊbər/
英饮酒思潮新变化
原文
翻译
原文
So, Georgie, it seems like many young people don't drink at all and lots of them share their experience of being sober on social media. But recently there's been a bit of a change, hasn't there? Yes, whilst many people use social media to share their experience of drinking less alcohol or no alcohol at all, some people have been saying that they want to go out more and drink and have fun with friends. They argue we're too worried about fitness and wellness and that drinking some alcohol to have a good time is fine. Here's Millie talking more about this to BBC World Service podcast What In The World.
翻译
所以,乔吉,似乎很多年轻人根本不喝酒,他们中有不少人会在社交媒体上分享自己戒酒的经历。但最近情况有了一点变化,对吧?是的,虽然很多人用社交媒体分享自己减少饮酒、甚至完全不喝酒的经历,但也有一些人表示,他们想多出门,和朋友一起喝酒玩乐。他们认为,我们过度担忧健康与健身,其实适量饮酒、享受快乐并没有问题。下面是米莉在BBC全球服务播客《世界怎么了》中对这一话题的进一步阐述。
原文
I think we had this like rise of self-optimization content. I think unfortunately sobriety kind of got swept in with that and it got touted as this way to, you know, get up at 5 a.m., do a high rocks. And, you know, for many of us, that's probably not our reality with not drinking. It's that we do it to feel a bit more sane or, you know, things like that. And so I think now we are entering this like almost pushback era of that content. You're seeing celebrities like it's not just alcohol. You see more celebrities smoking and like posting that on their Instagram and not worrying if it's brand friendly.
翻译
我觉得,当时兴起了一股自我优化类内容的热潮。但遗憾的是,戒酒风潮也被卷入这股热潮中,被吹捧成一种能让人凌晨5点起床、完成高强度健身的生活方式。但对我们很多人来说,戒酒并不是这样的。我们戒酒只是为了让自己更清醒一点,仅此而已。所以我觉得,现在我们几乎进入了对这类内容的反弹期。你会看到很多名人,相关讨论已经不只是围绕饮酒展开了。你会看到更多名人抽烟,还把相关内容发到Instagram上,完全不担心是否符合品牌合作的要求。
原文
OK, so Millie thinks that being sober is associated with certain kinds of self-optimisation content, where people talk about fitness, diet and having big goals for themselves. Yes, and Millie says being sober gets touted as a way to get up at 5am to exercise. In other words, people talk about it a lot and try to encourage people to do it. But Millie says that being sober isn't always about being super fit and healthy. For her, it's about being sane. But still, Millie thinks there's a pushback against self-optimisation content. Pushback means a criticism of the content, and people are pushing back by doing the opposite. For example, lots of celebrities post about themselves drinking and smoking.
翻译
好的,米莉认为,不饮酒的生活方式和某些自我优化类内容相关,这类内容通常围绕健身、饮食以及个人宏大目标展开。是的,米莉说,不饮酒的生活方式被吹捧成一种能让人凌晨5点起床锻炼的方法。换句话说,人们频繁谈论这种生活方式,试图鼓励大家都这么做。但米莉说,不饮酒并不总是意味着要极度健康、身材健美。对她而言,戒酒只是为了保持清醒的状态。不过,米莉认为,现在已经出现了对这类自我优化内容的反弹。反弹指的是对这类内容的批评,人们会通过做相反的事情来表达反对。比如,很多名人会发布自己喝酒、抽烟的相关内容。
原文
Well, Georgie, I've decided to try to give up alcohol for a whole year, but I don't think everybody should do that if they don't want to. It's really up to the individual. Yeah, I still enjoy having a few drinks with my friends. I think it's just all about balance, really.
翻译
乔吉,我已经决定尝试戒酒一整年。但我觉得,要是别人不想这么做,完全没必要勉强,这完全取决于个人选择。是的,我还是喜欢和朋友小酌几杯。我觉得最重要的就是平衡。
原文
OK, Neil, it's time to reveal the answer to this week's question. I asked what was the name given for when people give up alcohol in January? Yes, and the answer is dry January. That is correct. Well done.
翻译
好的,尼尔,现在我们来揭晓本周问题的答案。我之前问过,人们在一月份戒酒的行为被称为什么?是的,答案是“一月戒酒”。完全正确,做得好。
逐句讲解
原文
So, Georgie, it seems like many young people don't drink at all and lots of them share their experience of being sober on social media.
翻译
所以,乔吉,似乎很多年轻人根本不喝酒,他们中有不少人会在社交媒体上分享自己戒酒的经历。
讲解
- 常用表达it seems like:意为“似乎、看起来”,常用于引出基于观察得出的判断。
词汇
- seem (v. 似乎) /siːm/
- share (v. 分享) /ʃer/
- experience (n. 经历) /ɪkˈspɪriəns/
- social (adj. 社交的) /ˈsoʊʃl/
- media (n. 媒体) /ˈmiːdiə/
原文
But recently there's been a bit of a change, hasn't there?
翻译
但最近情况有了一点变化,对吧?
讲解
- 口语常用结构a bit of a + 可数名词单数:意为“有点……的事物”,此处a bit of a change即“些许变化”。
词汇
- recently (adv. 最近) /ˈriːsntli/
- change (n. 变化) /tʃeɪndʒ/
原文
Yes, whilst many people use social media to share their experience of drinking less alcohol or no alcohol at all,
翻译
是的,虽然很多人用社交媒体分享自己减少饮酒、甚至完全不喝酒的经历,
讲解
- 连词whilst:英式英语用法,此处意为“尽管、虽然”,等同于while/although,用于引导让步状语从句。
- 固定搭配not...at all:此处no alcohol at all意为“完全不饮酒”,at all用于否定结构中加强语气,表“丝毫、根本”。
词汇
- share (v. 分享) /ʃer/
- experience (n. 经历) /ɪkˈspɪriəns/
- drink (v. 饮酒) /drɪŋk/
- alcohol (n. 酒精) /ˈælkəhɑːl/
原文
some people have been saying that they want to go out more and drink and have fun with friends.
翻译
但也有一些人表示,他们想多出门,和朋友一起喝酒玩乐。
讲解
- 固定搭配go out:此处意为“外出社交、出去玩”,而非泛指从室内走到室外。
- 现在完成进行时have been saying:表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作,强调动作的持续性,常用于引出近期的普遍观点。
词汇
- fun (n. 乐趣) /fʌn/
原文
They argue we're too worried about fitness and wellness and that drinking some alcohol to have a good time is fine.
翻译
他们认为,我们过度担忧健康与健身,其实适量饮酒、享受快乐并没有问题。
讲解
- 长难句结构:谓语argue后接两个并列宾语从句,第一个省略引导词that,第二个由that引导,听辨时需注意并列逻辑,避免遗漏后半部分观点。
- 熟词僻义argue:此处意为“主张、持……观点”,而非常见的“争论、争吵”含义。
- 词汇wellness:名词,指“身心健康(尤指通过健康生活方式维持的良好状态)”,常与fitness(健身)并列使用。
词汇
- argue (v. 主张) /ˈɑːrɡjuː/
- worried (adj. 担忧的) /ˈwɝːid/
- fitness (n. 健身) /ˈfɪtnəs/
- wellness (n. 健康) /ˈwelnəs/
- fine (adj. 没问题的) /faɪn/
原文
Here's Millie talking more about this to BBC World Service podcast What In The World.
翻译
下面是米莉在BBC全球服务播客《世界怎么了》中对这一话题的进一步阐述。
讲解
- 常用引出表达Here's sb doing sth:常用于节目中引出即将发言的受访者,意为“接下来是某受访者对此的进一步阐述”。
- 专有名词:BBC World Service指英国广播公司世界广播服务台;What In The World是该台的一档播客节目名称。
词汇
- podcast (n. 播客) /ˈpɑːdkæst/
原文
I think we had this like rise of self-optimization content.
翻译
我觉得,当时兴起了一股自我优化类内容的热潮。
讲解
- 词汇self-optimization:名词,意为“自我优化”,指通过自律、健身、高效作息等方式提升自我状态的生活理念,是近年社交媒体的热门概念。
- 熟词僻义content:此处为名词,特指“社交媒体上发布的内容”,而非泛指的“内容、目录”。
- 固定搭配rise of sth:意为“……的兴起、……的流行”。
词汇
- rise (n. 兴起) /raɪz/
- self-optimization (n. 自我优化) /self ɑːptəmeɪˈzeɪʃən/
- content (n. 内容) /ˈkɑːntent/
原文
I think unfortunately sobriety kind of got swept in with that and it got touted as this way to, you know, get up at 5 a.m., do a high rocks.
翻译
但遗憾的是,戒酒风潮也被卷入这股热潮中,被吹捧成一种能让人凌晨5点起床、完成高强度健身的生活方式。
讲解
- 词汇sobriety:名词,意为“不饮酒、戒酒的状态”,是sober的名词形式。
- 固定搭配get swept in with:意为“被裹挟进、被卷入(某种潮流)”,此处指戒酒的理念被纳入自我优化的潮流中。
- 固定搭配get touted as:被动结构,意为“被吹捧为、被宣传为”,常用于指被过度推广的理念或事物。
词汇
- unfortunately (adv. 遗憾地) /ʌnˈfɔːrtʃənətli/
- sobriety (n. 戒酒状态) /səˈbraɪəti/
- sweep (v. 席卷) /swiːp/
- tout (v. 吹捧) /taʊt/
- high rocks (n. 高强度健身) /haɪ rɑːks/
原文
And, you know, for many of us, that's probably not our reality with not drinking. It's that we do it to feel a bit more sane or, you know, things like that.
翻译
但对我们很多人来说,戒酒并不是这样的。我们戒酒只是为了让自己更清醒一点,仅此而已。
讲解
- 熟词僻义sane:此处意为“情绪稳定的、状态良好的”,而非常见的“神志正常的”含义,指戒酒是为了让自己的状态更平稳。
- 常用解释结构It's that...:用于引出真实原因,意为“(原因)是……”。
词汇
- reality (n. 现实) /riˈæləti/
- sane (adj. 清醒的) /seɪn/
原文
And so I think now we are entering this like almost pushback era of that content.
翻译
所以我觉得,现在我们几乎进入了对这类内容的反弹期。
讲解
- 熟词僻义pushback:此处为名词,意为“抵制、反对(某种主流观点或潮流)”,是近年常用的社会类词汇。
- 固定搭配enter an era of sth:意为“进入……的时期/阶段”。
词汇
- enter (v. 进入) /ˈentər/
- pushback (n. 反弹) /ˈpʊʃbæk/
- era (n. 时代) /ˈɪrə/
原文
You're seeing celebrities like it's not just alcohol.
翻译
你会看到很多名人,相关讨论已经不只是围绕饮酒展开了。
讲解
- 口语省略结构:本句为访谈口语中的省略表达,完整逻辑为“你会看到名人发布的内容不止和酒精相关”,省略了上下文已提及的“发布内容”相关表述,符合口语简洁的特点。
词汇
- celebrity (n. 名人) /səˈlebrəti/
- alcohol (n. 酒精) /ˈælkəhɑːl/
原文
You see more celebrities smoking and like posting that on their Instagram and not worrying if it's brand friendly.
翻译
你会看到更多名人抽烟,还把相关内容发到Instagram上,完全不担心是否符合品牌合作的要求。
讲解
- 专有名词Instagram:一款海外图片社交平台,常被用于名人发布个人动态。
- 固定搭配brand friendly:意为“对品牌友好的、符合品牌形象的”,此处指名人发布的内容不会损害自身合作品牌的形象。
词汇
- celebrity (n. 名人) /səˈlebrəti/
- smoke (v. 抽烟) /smoʊk/
- post (v. 发布) /poʊst/
- worry (v. 担忧) /ˈwɜːri/
- brand (n. 品牌) /brænd/
- friendly (adj. 友好的) /ˈfrendli/
原文
OK, so Millie thinks that being sober is associated with certain kinds of self-optimisation content, where people talk about fitness, diet and having big goals for themselves.
翻译
好的,米莉认为,不饮酒的生活方式和某些自我优化类内容相关,这类内容通常围绕健身、饮食以及个人宏大目标展开。
讲解
- 固定搭配be associated with:意为“与……相关联、与……联系在一起”。
- 长难句结构:where引导非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词self-optimisation content,补充说明这类内容的具体特点,听辨时可先抓主句核心“戒酒与自我优化内容相关联”,再补充从句细节。
词汇
- sober (adj. 不饮酒的) /ˈsoʊbər/
- associate (v. 关联) /əˈsoʊsieɪt/
- self-optimisation (n. 自我优化) /self ɑːptəmeɪˈzeɪʃən/
- content (n. 内容) /ˈkɑːntent/
- fitness (n. 健身) /ˈfɪtnəs/
- diet (n. 饮食) /ˈdaɪət/
原文
Yes, and Millie says being sober gets touted as a way to get up at 5am to exercise.
翻译
是的,米莉说,不饮酒的生活方式被吹捧成一种能让人凌晨5点起床锻炼的方法。
讲解
- 固定搭配get touted as:意为“被吹捧为、被宣传为”,此处指戒酒被宣传成高效作息的配套习惯。
词汇
- sober (adj. 不饮酒的) /ˈsoʊbər/
- tout (v. 吹捧) /taʊt/
- exercise (v. 锻炼) /ˈeksərsaɪz/
原文
In other words, people talk about it a lot and try to encourage people to do it.
翻译
换句话说,人们频繁谈论这种生活方式,试图鼓励大家都这么做。
讲解
- 常用解释短语In other words:意为“换句话说、也就是说”,用于对前文内容进行通俗解释。
词汇
- encourage (v. 鼓励) /ɪnˈkɜːrɪdʒ/
原文
But Millie says that being sober isn't always about being super fit and healthy. For her, it's about being sane.
翻译
但米莉说,不饮酒并不总是意味着要极度健康、身材健美。对她而言,戒酒只是为了保持清醒的状态。
讲解
- 熟词僻义be about:此处意为“关乎、意味着”,而非常见的“关于(某事物)”的含义。
- 词汇sane:此处指“情绪稳定、状态良好的”,即对米莉来说,戒酒的核心是保持状态平稳,而非追求极致健康。
词汇
- fit (adj. 健康的) /fɪt/
- healthy (adj. 健康的) /ˈhelθi/
- sane (adj. 清醒的) /seɪn/
原文
But still, Millie thinks there's a pushback against self-optimisation content.
翻译
不过,米莉认为,现在已经出现了对这类自我优化内容的反弹。
讲解
- 固定搭配pushback against sth:意为“对某事物的抵制、反对”。
- 常用表达but still:意为“尽管如此、不过”,用于转折引出后续观点。
词汇
- pushback (n. 反弹) /ˈpʊʃbæk/
- self-optimisation (n. 自我优化) /self ɑːptəmeɪˈzeɪʃən/
- content (n. 内容) /ˈkɑːntent/
原文
Pushback means a criticism of the content, and people are pushing back by doing the opposite.
翻译
反弹指的是对这类内容的批评,人们会通过做相反的事情来表达反对。
讲解
- 动词短语push back (against sth):意为“抵制、反对(某事物)”,此处为动词用法,对应之前的名词pushback。
- 固定搭配do the opposite:意为“做相反的事”。
词汇
- pushback (n. 反弹) /ˈpʊʃbæk/
- criticism (n. 批评) /ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm/
- content (n. 内容) /ˈkɑːntent/
- opposite (n. 相反的事) /ˈɑːpəzɪt/
原文
For example, lots of celebrities post about themselves drinking and smoking.
翻译
比如,很多名人会发布自己喝酒、抽烟的相关内容。
讲解
- 熟词僻义post:此处为动词,特指“在社交媒体上发布(内容)”,而非常见的“邮寄、张贴”含义。
词汇
- celebrity (n. 名人) /səˈlebrəti/
- post (v. 发布) /poʊst/
- smoke (v. 抽烟) /smoʊk/
原文
Well, Georgie, I've decided to try to give up alcohol for a whole year,
翻译
乔吉,我已经决定尝试戒酒一整年。
讲解
- 固定搭配give up sth:意为“放弃、戒除(某事物)”,此处give up alcohol即“戒酒”。
词汇
- decide (v. 决定) /dɪˈsaɪd/
- give up (v. 放弃) /ɡɪv ʌp/
- alcohol (n. 酒精) /ˈælkəhɑːl/
原文
but I don't think everybody should do that if they don't want to. It's really up to the individual.
翻译
但我觉得,要是别人不想这么做,完全没必要勉强,这完全取决于个人选择。
讲解
- 固定搭配It's up to sb:意为“由某人决定、取决于某人”,此处指是否戒酒完全是个人的选择。
词汇
- up to (v. 取决于) /ʌp tuː/
- individual (n. 个人) /ɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/
原文
Yeah, I still enjoy having a few drinks with my friends. I think it's just all about balance, really.
翻译
是的,我还是喜欢和朋友小酌几杯。我觉得最重要的就是平衡。
讲解
- 常用表达all about:意为“核心是、关键在于”,此处指饮酒的关键是保持平衡。
词汇
- enjoy (v. 享受) /ɪnˈdʒɔɪ/
- balance (n. 平衡) /ˈbæləns/
原文
OK, Neil, it's time to reveal the answer to this week's question.
翻译
好的,尼尔,现在我们来揭晓本周问题的答案。
讲解
- 常用结构it's time to do sth:意为“是时候做某事了”,常用于节目流程的过渡。
- 固定搭配reveal the answer:意为“揭晓答案”。
词汇
- reveal (v. 揭晓) /rɪˈviːl/
- answer (n. 答案) /ˈænsər/
- question (n. 问题) /ˈkwestʃən/
原文
I asked what was the name given for when people give up alcohol in January?
翻译
我之前问过,人们在一月份戒酒的行为被称为什么?
讲解
- 过去分词作定语结构the name given for sth:意为“对某事物的称呼”,given此处表“被赋予的”。
词汇
- give up (v. 放弃) /ɡɪv ʌp/
- alcohol (n. 酒精) /ˈælkəhɑːl/
原文
Yes, and the answer is dry January. That is correct. Well done.
翻译
是的,答案是“一月戒酒”。完全正确,做得好。
讲解
- 专有名词Dry January:指“一月戒酒”活动,是一项流行于多国的公益活动,号召人们在每年一月整月不饮酒,以改善健康。
词汇
- answer (n. 答案) /ˈænsər/
- correct (adj. 正确的) /kəˈrekt/
新闻结尾
原文
翻译
原文
Let's recap the vocabulary we learned in this programme, starting with sober, which describes someone who doesn't drink alcohol or take recreational drugs. Societal pressure is the feeling that you should do something because lots of other people expect you to. Saying something is the norm is a way to say it's usual or common. Self-optimisation content means videos and posts about being fit, healthy and achieving big goals. If somebody touts an idea or lifestyle, they talk about it a lot and try to convince people to do it. And pushback is strong criticism of a trend and people doing the opposite.
翻译
我们来回顾一下本期节目中学到的词汇,首先是sober,指的是不饮酒、不服用娱乐性药物的人。社会压力指的是,你觉得自己应该做某件事,因为很多其他人都期望你这么做。说某件事是norm,意思就是它是常见的、普遍的。自我优化类内容指的是围绕健身、健康以及实现宏大目标的视频和帖子。如果有人极力宣扬某种观点或生活方式,就会反复谈论它,试图说服人们照做。而反对就是对某种趋势的强烈批评,或是人们做出相反的行为。
原文
Thank you for joining us and goodbye. Goodbye.
翻译
感谢大家的参与,再见。再见。
逐句讲解
原文
Let's recap the vocabulary we learned in this programme,
翻译
我们来回顾一下本期节目中学到的词汇,
讲解
- 节目常用语recap:动词,意为“简要回顾(之前的内容)”,常用于节目结尾梳理知识点。
词汇
- recap (v. 回顾) /ˈriːkæp/
- vocabulary (n. 词汇) /voʊˈkæbjəleri/
- programme (n. 节目) /ˈproʊɡræm/
原文
starting with sober, which describes someone who doesn't drink alcohol or take recreational drugs.
翻译
首先是sober,指的是不饮酒、不服用娱乐性药物的人。
讲解
- sober 为熟词僻义:常见义为“清醒的、严肃的”,此处特指不饮酒、不吸食娱乐性毒品的节制状态
- recreational drugs 为社会领域专有名词,指非医疗用途的娱乐性管制精神药品(即娱乐性毒品)
- 句子结构:本句为嵌套定语从句结构,核心是引出并解释术语sober:which引导非限制性定语从句修饰sober,从句内部嵌套who引导的定语从句修饰被描述的人群,阅读时可先剥离从句抓核心释义逻辑
词汇
- sober (adj. 不饮酒的) /ˈsoʊbər/
- describe (v. 描述) /dɪˈskraɪb/
- alcohol (n. 酒精) /ˈælkəhɑːl/
- recreational (adj. 娱乐的) /ˌrekriˈeɪʃənl/
- drug (n. 药物) /drʌɡ/
原文
Societal pressure is the feeling that you should do something because lots of other people expect you to.
翻译
社会压力指的是,你觉得自己应该做某件事,因为很多其他人都期望你这么做。
讲解
- Societal pressure 为社会领域常用固定表达,指“社会压力”,即因周围人期待产生的行为约束感
- 句子结构:that引导同位语从句解释the feeling的具体内涵(从句结构完整不缺成分,不属于定语从句),从句内部嵌套because引导的原因状语说明感受来源
- 省略结构:句末expect you to 为讲解类文本的常见压缩省略,完整结构为expect you to do something,避免与前文的do something重复,符合简洁表达要求
词汇
- societal (adj. 社会的) /səˈsaɪət̬əl/
- pressure (n. 压力) /ˈpreʃɚ/
- expect (v. 期望) /ɪkˈspekt/
原文
Saying something is the norm is a way to say it's usual or common.
翻译
说某件事是norm,意思就是它是常见的、普遍的。
讲解
- the norm 为常用固定习语,意为“常态、常规”,指被群体普遍接受的行为模式,不要仅按字面理解为“标准”
- 句子结构:本句为动名词短语作主语的结构,核心主干是“Saying something is the norm” is a way to convey that it is common,阅读时易被长主语干扰,可先定位谓语动词is拆分结构
词汇
- norm (n. 常态) /nɔːrm/
- usual (adj. 通常的) /ˈjuːʒuəl/
- common (adj. 普遍的) /ˈkɑːmən/
原文
Self-optimisation content means videos and posts about being fit, healthy and achieving big goals.
翻译
自我优化类内容指的是围绕健身、健康以及实现宏大目标的视频和帖子。
讲解
- Self-optimisation content 为互联网内容领域专有术语,指“自我提升类内容”,即围绕健身、健康、目标达成产出的视频、帖子类内容
词汇
- self-optimisation (n. 自我优化) /self ɑːptəmeɪˈzeɪʃən/
- content (n. 内容) /ˈkɑːntent/
- video (n. 视频) /ˈvɪdioʊ/
- post (n. 帖子) /poʊst/
- fit (adj. 健康的) /fɪt/
- healthy (adj. 健康的) /ˈhelθi/
原文
If somebody touts an idea or lifestyle, they talk about it a lot and try to convince people to do it.
翻译
如果有人极力宣扬某种观点或生活方式,就会反复谈论它,试图说服人们照做。
讲解
- tout 为熟词僻义:常见义为“(小贩)招徕、兜售”,此处为引申义,指“极力宣扬、鼓吹(某种理念、生活方式)”,带有反复劝说他人接受的隐含意味
词汇
- tout (v. 极力宣扬) /taʊt/
- lifestyle (n. 生活方式) /ˈlaɪfstaɪl/
- convince (v. 说服) /kənˈvɪns/
原文
And pushback is strong criticism of a trend and people doing the opposite.
翻译
而反对就是对某种趋势的强烈批评,或是人们做出相反的行为。
讲解
- pushback 为熟词僻义:常见义为物理层面的“推回、击退”,此处为社会领域常用引申义,指“对某一流行趋势的强烈抵制、反对”
- 省略结构:本句为讲解类文本的压缩表达,完整逻辑为“pushback is strong criticism of a trend, (which is reflected in) people doing the opposite”,省略了逻辑连接部分以避免冗余,符合讲解类内容的简洁要求
词汇
- pushback (n. 反对) /ˈpʊʃbæk/
- strong (adj. 强烈的) /strɔːŋ/
- criticism (n. 批评) /ˈkrɪtɪsɪzəm/
- trend (n. 趋势) /trend/
- opposite (n. 相反的事) /ˈɑːpəzɪt/
原文
Thank you for joining us and goodbye. Goodbye.
翻译
感谢大家的参与,再见。再见。
讲解
—
词汇
- join (v. 参与) /dʒɔɪn/